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The ARA ''General Belgrano'' was an Argentine Navy light cruiser in service from 1951 until 1982. Previously named , she saw action in the Pacific theatre of World War II before being sold to Argentina. The vessel was the second to have been named after the Argentine founding father Manuel Belgrano (1770–1820). The first vessel was a 7,069-ton armoured cruiser completed in 1899. After almost 31 years of service, she was sunk on 2 May, 1982 during the Falklands War () by the Royal Navy submarine with the loss of 323 lives. Losses from ''General Belgrano'' totalled just over half of Argentine military deaths in the war. She is the only ship ever to have been sunk during military operations by a nuclear-powered submarine〔Kemp, Paul (2006). ''Submarine action''. Sutton, p. 68. ISBN 0-7509-1711-3〕 and the second sunk in action by any type of submarine since World War II, the first being the Indian frigate INS ''Khukri'' by the Pakistani Submarine PNS ''Hangor'' during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War. The sinking of ''General Belgrano'' was highly controversial in both the United Kingdom and Argentina at the time and remains so to this day. ==Early career== (詳細はNew York Shipbuilding Corporation starting in 1935, and launched in March 1938. She survived the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 undamaged, and went on to earn nine battle stars for World War II service. She was decommissioned from the US Navy (USN) after World War II ended, in July 1946. ''Phoenix'' was sold to Argentina in October 1951 with another of her class, (, which was renamed ARA ''Nueve de Julio''), for US$7.8 million (''Nueve de Julio'' was scrapped in 1978). She was renamed ''17 de Octubre'' after the "People's Loyalty day", an important milestone for the political party of the then-president Juan Perón.〔(''Historia de los Cruceros Argentinos'' ) 〕 She was one of the main units that joined the 1955 coup in which Perón was overthrown, and the ship was renamed ''General Belgrano'' after General Manuel Belgrano, who had fought for Argentine independence from 1811 to 1819 and founded the ''Escuela de Náutica'' (School of Navigation) in 1799. The cruiser accidentally rammed her sister ''Nueve de Julio'' on exercises in 1956, which resulted in damage to both cruisers.〔 ''General Belgrano'' was outfitted with the Sea Cat anti-aircraft missile system between 1967 and 1968. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ARA General Belgrano」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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